Department of the results identified that the technology to achieve “national leader, the international advanced level”
Do not pay the water the sun
The shortage of fossil fuels to the sustainable socio-economic development of China's tremendous pressure, strong research and development of clean renewable solar energy and the formation of industry, and is promulgated to implement the new "renewable energy law" an important measure. March 28 to "China's solar energy development opportunities and strategies" as the theme of the first 273 times Xiangshan Science Conference was held in Beijing, more than 50 experts and scholars on China's solar energy development and utilization of the problems faced and the future of solar energy technology latitude d410 battery,dell latitude d420 battery,dell latitude d430 battery the direction of development, such as in-depth discussions carried out.
Materials encountered a "bottleneck"
Meeting of the Executive Chairman, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences Academician Liang Junwu comment on the report of the theme of "solar cell material world situation and China's response" that the solar cell and materials development, is in today's world of concern to the two major issues -- - Energy and Environment meeting point, the cause of great importance to the world; China's energy production and consumption power, the protection of the environment is a concern, therefore, solar cells must be fully aware of the material.
Meeting of the Executive Chairman, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Academician WEN Lishi, China's most abundant solar energy resources, as a permanent solar clean energy technology development has a unique charm and unlimited room for development. Solar energy will not reduce the earth's resources, not to cause pollution, not only economically, but also no doubt that solar energy industry will be a hundred industries. Especially with other renewable energy technologies, China's solar energy technology is to develop the best and most mature, China's solar energy products with international quality and technical level of developed countries or less the same, or even very close.
Jun-Wu Liang said that since 1954, Pearson and others successfully prepared the first silicon solar cell has been the continuous development of photovoltaic industry, since 1998 the world production of photovoltaic cells to 30% ~ 40% of the rate of growth of crystalline silicon solar today The main battery materials. According to projections, if the world photovoltaic industry maintained at 15% or 30% of the growth rate, while in 2008 the global shortage of polysilicon will reach 1800 tons or 8600 tons, now including China, many countries are polycrystalline a serious shortage of silicon.
Immediately hear that, because of Germany, the United States, Japan and other developed countries of the world led the rapid development of photovoltaic industry, polysilicon material caused a serious shortage of supply. China has yet to form a polysilicon material scale industries, the import is very difficult polysilicon, solar energy photovoltaic industry is therefore facing the silicon material is even more severe situation. Polysilicon materials has become a constraint in the development of China's solar energy industry "bottleneck."
The challenges of cutting-edge technology from
Sun Yat-sen Institute for Solar Energy Systems, Professor Shen-hui in the "on the Development of China's photovoltaic and Recommendations" report on the current forefront of the development of photovoltaic technology and the key issues, pointing out that Germany and Japan in recent years latitude d500 battery,dell latitude d505 battery, PV technology research and development must pay full attention to trends, including the application of automation and mass production technology, a large area, thin silicon, silicon-efficient production technology, high-efficiency thin-film batteries and high efficiency production process, such as environmental protection.
Crystalline silicon photovoltaic solar cells is the core of the system devices, in highly automated production equipment, with the support of a production line abroad has now reached a size of 30MW or more than 60MW, compared to China's production equipment is also not for the formation of the automation system . Due to shortage of silicon materials, the resulting thin silicon technology has been quickly developed, thus reducing the cost of solar cells to improve efficiency; thin silicon solar battery cells may lead to the formation of a significant change in technology and our existing battery production technology challenge. At the same time, thin-film solar cells in a significant reduction in costs and improve efficiency has good prospects for development.
Li-Shi Wen said, according to PV development trends abroad, China should accelerate the development of polysilicon production technology and continue to enhance the production of crystalline silicon cell technology, thin film batteries, etc. At the same time to strengthen the research and development, for the development of low-cost solar cells to find a solution way. Liang Junwu suggestions: as soon as possible should be SiHCl3 polysilicon production process, so that domestic production of polysilicon in the plant put into operation as soon as possible; the active use of the world's most advanced polysilicon technology, building energy consumption per kilogram of silicon, metallurgical silicon consumption, cost per kilogram of silicon and environmental indicators are the world's advanced level in the new polysilicon production lines.
In addition to leaving a shortfall of what technology?
Li-Shi Wen pointed out that the current solar photovoltaic technology popularization and application, not only depend on the development of photovoltaic technology itself, but also the development of national energy policy and strategy.
In the promotion of solar photovoltaic applications, Germany and other countries should learn from the experience. The German government to take the lead in the use of solar energy, such as the parliament building in Berlin, Berlin train station and many other public facilities and places of use are a large number of photovoltaic power generation equipment and products, which the government subsidies for photovoltaic power generation policy and bank lending policies has played a very good incentive . In China, the current development of photovoltaic solar energy industry, there are still many issues to be resolved. If there is no one in the area of renewable energy unified decision-making, management and coordination of national leadership; study weak dispersion; solar energy industry and promote the use of the lack of relevant policies and specific measures; no long-term development strategy, the annual development plan and objectives.
WEN Lishi and other experts suggest that China is an earthquake, typhoons and other natural disaster-prone countries, posed by the photovoltaic solar cell system has better security and reliability, and the technology has matured and should therefore give priority to the development of solar energy technology. Government should take the lead in promoting solar energy technology, and should take the lead in government buildings, public buildings, public works, such as the promotion of solar energy utilization technologies; use, such as the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games an opportunity to build a number of demonstration projects for solar energy utilization. Countries should choose city conditional-grid solar photovoltaic demonstration and popularization and application, while continuing in the western region at the same time the development of photovoltaic power generation, but also encourage the development of coastal areas of solar photovoltaic power generation, and at dell latitude d500 battery,dell latitude d505 battery the right time to implement solar energy Millions of photovoltaic roof plan. The condition of our country to develop in line with the utilization of solar energy incentives.
Li-Shi Wen said that over the past several hundred years, human development and utilization of large-scale coal, oil, natural gas, such as "yesterday's sunshine," but with the rapid development of the world economy, "the sun yesterday," will cease to exist 200 years. Hailed as "the sun today," the solar energy industry is a century industries, the Millennium industries, believe that human beings from the large-scale use of "yesterday's sunshine" to the large-scale use of "the sun today," the time will not be too long.
Dalian developed high-tech capacity battery
According to "Dalian Daily" reported that the CAS Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, the successful development of all vanadium flow battery energy storage system, so that our country, following Australia, Canada, Japan, after the master key to the fourth power storage technology.
According to reports, Zhang Hua-min to create a group-wide level 10 kilowatts vanadium flow battery energy storage system, the experimental prototype, the energy conversion efficiency of more than 80%, start fast, run the process of charging and discharging switch only 0.02 seconds, the depth of discharge can not damage to the battery can be run at room temperature and environmental protection, energy storage tank of electrolyte-free self-discharge phenomenon, and the construction of low-input. Ministry of Science and Technology Acceptance of qualified experts, the Provincial Science and Technology Department of the results identified that the technology to achieve "national leader, the international advanced level."
the United States, “Applied Physics Letters” notice of Mechanics, the nano-zinc oxide
Leshan advantage of the use of mineral resources to create the "Silicon Valley"
Leshan has the natural advantage of the mineral resources, its production of polycrystalline silicon and monocrystalline silicon R & D strengths, seven years ago, Motorola has attracted foreign entry. This year is the Leshan City "project in", investment and create, Leshan has become a hot spot for economic development and focus inspiron 9200 battery,dell inspiron 9300 battery. 30, an investment 3 billion yuan, covers an area of 400 acres with the silicon industry closely related to the project signing ceremony was held in Chengdu.
Over the years, Leshan foster a base, resources, and has been the formation of 100 tons of polycrystalline silicon, monocrystalline silicon 60 tons and 20 tons of production capacity of silicon processing. Today in the energy shortage, silicon resources Leshan finally got "useless." Nantong, Jiangsu and Sichuan Leshan strong enterprises of the two places together, the project formed after the introduction of the silicon industry chain --- polysilicon and monocrystalline silicon products "solar photovoltaic (battery)", will greatly meet the needs of China's western region power supply. Expected to be fully completed in 2008, its products "photovoltaic" sales will reach 2 billion yuan. Then a new "Silicon Valley" will rise in the west.
Tsinghua University, carbon nanotubes have been new breakthroughs in hydrogen storage technology research
Carbon nano-materials, Tsinghua University research team recently found a post-processed to show a significant hydrogen storage properties of carbon nanotubes, it is expected to become a new clean energy - hydrogen energy battery material.
Study Group on the orientation of scientific and technical personnel of the electrochemical hydrogen storage properties of carbon nanotubes to carry out a systematic study found that the carbon nanotubes have a number of new mechanical, electrical, thermal and optical properties, in particular, it mixed with copper powder After showing remarkable performance of hydrogen storage. Sub-topics will be made from carbon nanotube electrodes for electrochemical constant current charge-discharge experiments, results showed that copper powder mixed directional multi-walled carbon nanotube hydrogen storage capacity of the electrode is 10 times the graphite electrode, non-directional multi-walled carbon nanotube electrodes 13 times as high capacity 1625mAh / g, corresponding to hydrogen storage capacity of 5.7wt% (mass fraction), has excellent electrochemical hydrogen storage performance. According to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) hydrogen storage technology for the development of vehicle standards, the research team published the results have been close to the weight of hydrogen storage materials and hydrogen storage density requirements.
This technology can be applied to the manufacture of fuel cells, the sustained and steady play the role of the hydrogen source. Is a fuel cell without combustion to electricity for the fuel in response to the chemical energy directly into electrical energy generating device. Of these, proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) in pure hydrogen for fuel, with low operating temperature, output power, and small size inspiron 9400 battery,dell inspiron b120 battery, light weight, "zero emissions" the advantages, in particular the use of suitable means of transport.
Inspection and quarantine to remind: import battery to be filed
A few days ago, a company Zhangjiagang imported from Germany 2 test battery Zhangjiagang Inspection Bureau was ordered to send back.
March, Zhangjiagang inspectors examine the import in the forklift when the forklift is found that these batteries as a power source. In accordance with the provisions of the AQSIQ, all battery products in the import inspection and quarantine agencies to apply for the record, the record made before the import of books, and the battery does not import the record of private imports. Accordingly, the Board made the decision to deal with battery returned.
Battery products to enhance the prevention and treatment of mercury pollution, protect and improve the ecological environment in China in 2000, AQSIQ issued the "Import and Export Inspection mercury batteries regulatory approach." The "solution" provides the record imports of battery products, the applicant (manufacturer, importer or the import agents, etc.) the battery should be the products they are importing to the relevant inspection and quarantine agencies to apply for the record. Inspection and quarantine institutions to the structure of the battery, the electrochemical system, as well as mercury in batteries comprehensive test results to determine whether the filing requirements, without a record to ban the import of battery products.
Entry-exit inspection and quarantine departments to remind the Chinese enterprises to strengthen national policies and regulations related to learning and research, did not understand the policy to avoid the occurrence of "illegal" behavior, which to the normal production and operation of the impact and lead to unnecessary inspiron b130 battery,dell inspiron e1405 battery losses.
Growth of ZnO by the progress
Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences by researchers using vapor deposition method, has successfully synthesized a variety of micro-morphology of the ZnO nano-materials, such as nanowires, nanorods, nano-cone, four feet, such as nano-ZnO, but also the realization of nano-ZnO in carbon nano - direct the growth tube, and prepared a variety of unique morphology of the ZnO micro-nano-materials by this method from synthetic materials are highly luminescent properties and catalytic activity.
Quasi-one-dimensional nanomaterials with a quantum size effect due to a number of specific physical, chemical characteristics, is to examine the conduct of electronic transmission, optical characteristics and mechanical properties, such as the size of the physical properties of an ideal system, in building nano-electronic and optical devices has a lot of potential applications are widespread attention in recent years. Unique nano-ZnO quantum size effects, interface effects and the coupling effect of its UV laser, optical waveguide devices, light-emitting components, surface acoustic wave devices, solar cell window materials, varistors and gas sensors have a wide range of uses, referred to as "third-generation semiconductor materials."
Recently, the United States, "Applied Physics Letters" notice of Mechanics, the nano-zinc oxide (ZnO) growth and characterization of the work of the contributors were formally employed APL, and the text of the picture as the APL of May 8, 2006 cover a picture (Cover Image inspiron e1505 battery,dell inspiron e1705 battery), note the growth of ZnO nano-mechanics which work to achieve substantive progress.
The power station was Israel’s first solar power station
Solar power, how high the threshold
Experts predict that the next 20 to 30 years, the global energy mix will be a fundamental change in the 50s of this century, new energy and renewable energy will account for the entire energy constitutes 50%. Solar energy as a great potential for development of new and renewable sources of energy has long been a concern all over the world, China has also done a lot of research, it is regrettable inspiron 8600 battery,dell inspiron 9200 battery that many years later, solar power seems to have been in people's is a concept of distance and symbols, you can feel better but it shall not close, then the threshold of solar, how high, delays in the industrialization of disease in the end there, this new energy, one of the protagonists Ho gorgeous debut when are people want to solve the... ...
How much solar energy
Under the authority of the world's energy analysis, the world has proven a major fossil fuel reserves and production can not be optimistic about the world. Length of remaining recoverable oil is only 41 years, their share of world total energy consumption of 40.5%; number of years of remaining recoverable natural gas 61.9 years, their share of world total energy consumption of 24.10%; number of years remaining recoverable coal 230 years, their share of world total energy consumption by 25.2%; number of years remaining recoverable uranium 73 years, their share of world total energy consumption by 7.6%; other hydraulic their share of world total energy consumption of 2.6%.
Traditional fuel energy is being reduced day by day, energy issues can not be ignored have become global issues. Search for new energy sources, has become a top priority. They soon focused its attention on the people around us in the renewable energy, wind energy, solar, geothermal, biomass power generation ... ... the new alternative to traditional energy sources have become new targets one-time energy. Wealth of daily solar radiation is inexhaustible and pollution-free, low-cost, free use of human energy and vision to become the first to incorporate the best choice for people. Solar energy per second to reach the ground up to 800,000 kilowatts of energy, if the Earth's surface to 0.1% of solar energy, change rate of 5 percent, generating an annual output of about 5.6 × 1012 kilowatt hours and the equivalent of the world's energy consumption about 40 times. Our country is rich in solar energy resources in the world. Desert area of China has 1.08 million square kilometers, mainly distributed in the light of the northwest region is rich in resources. 1 sq km area that can be installed 100 megawatts of photovoltaic arrays, generating 150 million a year degrees; 1 percent if the development and utilization of desert, you can issue the equivalent of China's electricity consumption throughout the year in 2003. At present, China's northern, coastal, and many other areas inspiron 9300 battery,dell inspiron 9400 battery, the volume of annual sunshine hours in 2000, Hainan is reached more than 2400 hours, the solar energy resources to name but a few large countries.
Such a huge energy reserves, we have developed is the situation be?
China's solar energy industry into the environmental protection industry processing plants abroad
Solar cells can convert solar energy into DC energy, the production of solar PV industry chain is the most crucial aspect. The world's most widely used solar cells are crystalline silicon solar cells, crystalline silicon solar cells production of raw materials - high-purity polysilicon has a severe shortage in our country, the vast majority of the need to rely on imports. According to experts in the Chinese Academy of Engineering survey, in 2005 the demand for China's polysilicon for 3800 tons, of which the demand for photovoltaic industry 2691 tons, while in 2004 the output of polycrystalline silicon in China only 60 tons, even if all the supply of photovoltaic industry, but also only 2.6% of market demand, and the rest can only rely on imports. To form the photovoltaic industry in China well-known "two out" phenomenon: the raw materials for more than九成dependence on imports, exports more than九成. The reason is that the face of high cost of solar cells, temporarily unfit for wider use of home. Caused by the direct cause of this phenomenon is that technology can not keep up, raw material control.
Solar PV cells manufacturing chain as follows: quartz sand - polysilicon - cut into a silicon (or into a monocrystalline silicon) - batteries and battery components (individual cells can not generate electricity), then components portfolio, and finally installed in projects for electricity generation. Product monopoly of transnational corporations, it is polysilicon. Seven companies around the world, controlled almost all the high-purity polysilicon sales and manufacturing, they do not cooperate, or joint ventures, technology is completely closed.
In fact, the upstream poly-silicon raw material quartz sand is no shortage in our country. Polysilicon many overseas companies are direct procurement from China. However, Chinese enterprises for the silicon purification technology, has been the lack of progress. The'90s, there were more than 40 companies in the study of small poly-silicon technology, but is not a company can take on large-scale production of polysilicon. Technology can not break through the bottleneck, there will be others to complete, so even if there are no raw materials, technology, and can only be a low-cost processing of foreign environmental protection industry. Thus led to the solar industry, I have been hesitant. Solar power generation cost and the cost of traditional coal-fired power generation than the current purchase price of solar power is about 3.5 yuan / kilowatt-hour, there are the ordinary generating units of the purchase price, about 10 times the cost is so high dell inspiron b120 battery,dell inspiron b130 battery, it is clear there is no universal possible, so we have no alternative but to enjoy the warm sunshine at the same time, watching a lot of energy in the close loss, but could do nothing about it!
Number of legs to walk, to find a new way out for China's solar power generation
In order to make solar power closer to the people at an early date, the domestic research institutions have done a lot of work. Recently, the Japan Science and Technology Agency to take the lead, China, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Tsinghua University, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Japan Aerospace Technology Foundation, Toshiba and Tohoku University in Japan to participate in solar power generation solar thermal compound system will continue to conduct joint development and will be the beginning of April this year in China's desert area in Inner Mongolia for a model test the durability of the year, and gradually moved to one run. Solar thermal power generation system is a composite of visible light and ordinary use of solar energy systems useless or harmful infra-red system for the new generation. The system through a special lens to gather sunlight for the visible separation of light and infrared, visible light, after reflection of solar cells for small, infrared, through the special lens used in electric power generation module. At the same time as a result of the use of the visible and infrared sources of energy, power generation efficiency of existing solar-powered 2-fold. In addition, the system can also use waste heat to provide hot water, solar energy utilization rate reached 65%. Because there is no removable parts, is a maintenance-free power generation methods, applicable to the desert area. The system to support the western region as the "bright work" part of China's western region will be 23 million families with a lack of electricity power.
There are news in recent days, China University of Technology developed a new type of Tingri mirror, can effectively track the sun's rotation, which makes use of solar power generation than coal-fired electricity generation is expected to lower internal cost. This mirror mirror Tingri to any position of the incident sunlight, can be effectively eliminated by the mirror caused by deficiencies in the design of aberration that can effectively track the sun's rotation, the control system can usually Tingri by the mirror reduced to only two-dimensional control required for one-dimensional control. Condenser as a result of the cost of solar energy a significant reduction in the human will be more than the coal-house low-cost electricity.
It can be seen that through the efforts of solar power generation in China is not tight in the power of a new energy concept of speculation over the years not only done the protagonist of the situation debut will be the past, solar energy as the most potential and most resource-rich new renewable energy inspiron e1405 battery,dell inspiron e1505 battery, its large number of days used in power generation will not tell us to wait very long!
Stones from other hills
Development of solar energy industry abroad
Germany: Bavaria, will build a large-scale solar power generation market
Solar power generation technology in the forefront of the highest in the world Germany, in the Franconia region of Bavaria Stein Arne completed the large-scale solar power generation market, and its 12.4-megawatt power generation, 3500 at the same time meet the electricity needs of the family.
The solar field covers an area of 77 hectares, will have 1,500 sets of solar power installations. It consists of two private joint planning, after the completion of power generation is currently the world's largest 5-megawatt wind power stations more than doubled. The two companies plan to complete the purchase through private means to build the market to raise 75 million euros required. Sets of individuals to purchase solar power installations need to invest € 14,400. According to the survey, which raise funds to build new solar power generation market in Germany means there are broad prospects for development.
Production of renewable energy resources of modern science and technology has been popular in Germany. German Ministry for the Environment commissioned the market research institute Forsa was conducted early in May 2005 survey indicated that almost 62% of Germans think that we should increase the renewable energy input. The majority of the respondents supported the use of wind power, and endorses the efforts in the next 20-25 years. The use of offshore wind power plants to meet 15 percent of the country's electricity demand.
In the next 20 years to 30 years, solar energy will be another significant source of energy for development. The survey also showed that 85% of the German people to solar energy as alternatives to the traditional inspiron e1705 battery,dell latitude d410 battery ideal.
Japan: Government to sell its power generation but also
In 1973 the first oil crisis broke out in Japan had a major impact, the oil crisis put an end to Japan's era of rapid economic growth. Since then, the Japanese government to promote energy conservation, strengthening of new energy development, energy relaxation of restrictions on developing new energy, using solar, wind, fuel cells, hydrogen energy, such as superconducting can. Japan is seeking more than strong point of view, a full range of energy security, through these efforts to protect the environment, to build a new level of sustainable development. In alternative energy and energy-saving technology R & D, Japan willing to invest effort to ensure that the commanding heights of the future energy technologies, the introduction of the "New Sunshine Plan", an annual allocation of more than 570 billion yen in research of renewable energy technologies, energy transportation and storage technologies.
In Japan, solar power is very popular. In the family, the popularity of solar power is that the cost of the difficulties is very high. The purchase of solar power devices than the electricity cost can be cost-effective is the key, which is impossible in the past. Solar power plant at the time it is very difficult to sell because selling a small number, it is not a large-scale production.
Now, families to buy such a device, half the cost of subsidies by the Government, so now more and more sold, the price also decreased. It is understood that 10 years ago, Japan 3 kilowatts of power generation equipment, the price is about ￥ 6,000,000, which is probably enough to pay the electricity for decades, and now the market price to reduce by half. Converted into yuan, 400,000 yuan dropped from about 20 million.
In Japan the use of solar power generation devices have a unique advantage: during the day and not electricity, but electricity sold to power companies or the government, which has also been actively acquired, so that income can be used to offset part of the tariff. According to statistics we can see an interesting situation - in the popularity of the solar power device family, instead of saving to do better work.
After years of painstaking efforts, Japan has become the world's highest energy efficiency one of the countries (the United States, 2.75 times). Japan, the world's leading solar energy technology in 2002, Japan's solar power generation accounts for 46% of the global total.
Korea: in 2006 will build the world's largest solar power plant
South Korea Jeollanam-do government has said they will be in April in conjunction with the U.S. latitude d410 battery,dell latitude d420 battery,dell latitude d430 battery company building the world's largest solar power plant, generating 17 megawatts per hour.
Generating capacity of the plant far more than an hour in Germany with the type of 5-megawatt power plant generating capacity, is currently the world's largest solar power plant.
Earlier, South Jeolla Province government and the U.S. wholly-owned Kore Group in a project agreement, the project injected 150 million U.S. dollars of foreign capital.
The agreement is based on regional governments and the United States in 2004 a memorandum of understanding (MOU) on the Korean Peninsula building solar power plants in the city of Mokpo. Kore Group MOU explicitly provide funding for the project and implementation supervision.
Israel: the development of legislation to promote solar energy
As we all know, Israel is a sufficient sunshine, solar energy resources in countries with better conditions, the use of technology in solar energy research and development, not only by government departments, research institutions and enterprises attach great importance to and at the same time, but also with the United States, Europe, Australia countries and regions in a wide range of cooperative relations, so that Israel in this field has been in the ranks of the world's leading.
An area of 1000 acres, generating power for 500,000 kilowatts of the world's largest solar power plant will be in Israel's southern Negev desert in the building. The solar power plants will reach a power-generating capacity 100,000 kilowatts by 2012 when the project is completed, power generation capacity will reach 500,000 kilowatts of electricity to the national electricity production accounts for about 5%. A long time, Israel has been the emphasis on solar energy technology research and development, domestic well-known research institutions in the field of solar energy technology has achieved many important results, so that Israel in the development and use of solar energy technologies to maintain the level of the world's leading. However, due to the high cost of solar power, Israel has greatly restricted the development and utilization of solar energy. The power station was Israel's first solar power station.
Israel's lack of conventional energy sources is the inspiron 8600 battery only civilian in the law must install solar water heaters countries, Israel, therefore, solar water heater up to 90% penetration, per capita use of solar water heater area of the world.