Laptop battery selection and maintenance techniques
1, the regular production of laptop battery manufacturers a variety of parameters clearly marked;
2, buy laptop battery, the best choicesony vaio battery nickel-metal hydride batteries or lithium-ion battery;
3, genuine batteries commonly used PC or PVC shell material is very strong, difficult to damage, the general means can not open the laptop battery.
4, neat appearance, there is no extra burr, a certain degree of roughness of the outer surface, and feel comfortable.
5, notebook battery into the battery slot should be around freely, and closely integrated with the machine, while attention to the battery nominal voltage and voltage to correspond to your notebook.
6, to ensure that purchase of thesony VGP-BPL2 battery，sony VGP-BPS2 batterylaptop battery charge and discharge of its good performance.
7, under normal circumstances the thinner laptop battery, capacity, the smaller the thicker the laptop battery capacity is also greater.
8, choose the laptop batteries and adapters necessary to ask the dealer asked in detail about the characteristics of batteries and adapters.
If you want to extend notebook battery life, we must also carry out proper maintenance of batteries and maintenance, the following is Ikunori maintenance and maintenance of Note:
1, to avoid laptop battery at a temperature higher than 60 ℃ or lower than -20 ℃ environment, otherwise the use of time and life will be shortened. Laptop battery charging basic method, because laptop battery characteristics vary, so it must be in accordance with manufacturers instructions manual method of charging.
2, if not a long time the machine is best to remove the laptop battery because the case does not boot, will be a gradual loss of laptop battery power
3, due to a general non-rechargeable batteries, lithium batteries, such as the forced charging will cause an explosion.
4, do not laptop batteries and some metal products sony VGP-BPS2A battery，VGP-BPS2Ctogether to prevent such metal objects touch the battery polarity, short circuit caused by the phenomenon.
4, laptop battery when not in use, if temporarily, you can temporarily release some of them power, but then save
5, due to its chemical properties http://www.easybattery.net/of lithium-ion battery is extremely active in response to intense, so we should not arbitrarily to its demolition. If rain, moisture, dry cloth can be dry, put in dry and ventilated place on their own or with hot air drying of about 40 degrees.
Electric vehicles with lithium-ion battery amd its kinds
Batteries from the battery pack is generally composed of modules or single cells. A battery module also formed by a number of single cells. Loaded in a battery of electronic and thermal control of the box, this cabinets there is a whole battery system with the vehicle interface to other components of the facilities, and battery management systems. Each module also has its proper packaging, thermal control and mechanical or electronic equipment. This loaded with batteries, thermal control and electronic equipment, and other parts of the box is what we usually refer to the battery pack.
Battery Select
The packaging of lithium-ion batteries should take into account the following: battery module interconnection between the single cell design; batteries, battery modules and electronic components, the connection between the specific design; structure subject to shock and vibration protection; how to battery pack for collision protection; select the ideal fixed in position of the vehicle; and vehicles other components of the mechanical interface design. Therefore, in the initial design of battery, it must take into account: safety (abuse of limitations); the entire system of packaging costs; of packaging the life and durability of effects; packaging recyclable and re-use of; manufacturing costs; maintenance / repair of convenience; thermal management (because of temperature influence battery life and performance); electronic monitoring and control; display performance, capacity, recession and so the measurement facilities. Therefore, in the initial selection Dell Inspiron B130 battery，Dell Inspiron E1505 battery， of a suitable type of battery, battery pack for the packaging, interconnect design, thermal management, are very meaningful.
Battery Safety
Security is the largest lithium-ion battery concerns. Abuse trials, over-voltage, over charge, over discharge, overheating, nail puncture, external short circuit, or an internal short-circuit defects and so may lead to thermal runaway and battery electrolyte leakage, smoke damage, openings, fire, or even an explosion. For the application of the battery in the vehicle we should be demanding. Although batteries are by improving the negative electrode materials can improve the safety performance of adding additives and through effective electronic and mechanical control virtually eliminate or significantly reduce the risk of accidents, but are like a pressure and squeeze, as well as thermal runaway caused by internal short-circuit still need special attention. And should therefore be targeted to the battery pack accordingly designed to reduce the impact of these conditions to improve the safety of battery pack.
Small number of large-capacity lithium-ion battery single cell with many small-capacity lithium-ion battery single cell comparative
In the PHEV, HEV and EV on the use of a large number of small-capacity lithium-ion battery Dell Inspiron E1705 battery，Dell Latitude D410 batterycell with the use of a small amount of single large-capacity lithium-ion battery single cell is different. For example, Energy CS in the PHEV battery pack for use more than 2000 single small 18650 battery (2Ah). And the Chrysler Corporation in the PHEV battery pack using the 200 a much larger single battery (41Ah). The use of a large number of small-capacity single cells has certain advantages, such as batteries low cost (currently in commodity markets, mostly small-capacity single battery), safety, better (faster cooling), because of the small battery cell while security incidents small size and battery production and processing of higher quality. But there are many drawbacks, including a single cell there are too many inter-connections, requiring higher integration and assembly cost, weight, volume ratio is low, the reliability of difference (integral part of more and somewhat redundant), the need for expensive electrical management . Use fewer large-capacity single cell has some advantages, such as assembly, low cost, weight and volume is high and high reliability (due to the reduced number of connections section). However, the disadvantage is the high cost of batteries, low quality, thermal management becomes more difficult and large-scale security incidents occur. Finally decided to use what kind of trade-off analysis must be based on the specific application.
The use of cylindrical lithium-ion battery single cells and prism (or layers board)-type single cell lithium-ion batteries also have different. Cylindrical single cell can be mass-produced and has a high quality. However, with the battery pack can carry all kinds of vehicles, the shape of the factors of space changing needs, the cost advantage is reduced. Cylindrical design robust and resilient structure, especially the anti-hammer, shock and vibration, can prevent safety accidents. With the cylindrical winding area of single cells become large, its external and internal surface area may be cooling winding layer area ratio is relatively decreased; Therefore, heat transfer and a reduced ability to increase the internal temperature gradient. Prism or layers board design with high external and internal surface area may be cooling stacked around the floor area ratio, easier to carry out thermal management. And the prism-shaped single cell comparable single cylindrical battery provides higher efficiency of the packaging volume. However, if the prism-shaped single cells using a soft-film packaging must also be taken into account in the design to prevent http://www.battery-for-laptop.net/ local stress, resistance to hammering, shock and vibration. Corresponding facilities may increase the size and weight, reducing soft packing prismatic single battery size advantage.
Battery Thermal Analysis
Thermal management is a battery in cold environments and high-temperature environments is essential to get a good performance and life. High-temperature lithium-ion batteries to reduce the performance and life expectancy, thus limiting the scope of the vehicle driver (driving range) or performance. Thermal management system of the battery at low temperatures, heating at high temperature to heat the cooling of the battery. The corresponding thermal management cooling and heating system to increase the cost of the battery pack, weight and size. Thermal management is not only in order to maintain the battery temperature is below the maximum limit, but also to maintain the temperature between the single cell uniformity. To improve the battery pack Thermal equilibrium, this change requires a temperature fluctuation in a small area (for example, less than 5 ℃). Therefore, we in the battery pack design, must be based on the thermal characteristics of lithium-ion battery lithium-ion battery type selection and reasonable, and beneficial for the thermal design of the principle of equitable and reasonable battery pack cooling, thermal management system architecture. While ensuring that the system is designed with a simple structure, reliable and durable, low-cost and low-power features such as parasitic.
The same kinds of batteries at different temperatures under the conditions of heat consumption rate is relatively
The same battery at different temperatures heat rate (per 1kW h of electricity generated by the consumption of calories) is not the same, this is because the battery's internal chemical reaction and temperature are closely linked. Shown in Figure 3, the ambient temperature on battery performance is very affected. Ambient temperature is lower, battery run-time will be more heat produced by the reaction itself. In the battery within the normal operating temperature, the ambient temperature the higher the battery self-generated heat is relatively less chemical energy consumed by the less efficient. This is because the battery with the surrounding environment, there is heat exchange. Thermal Management should ensure that batteries in their optimum operating temperature range of environments to improve battery efficiency and to ensure that all battery operating temperature of the surrounding environment, consistency in order to ensure that all battery operation status in line.
The same type of battery comparison of different shapes
Layers are generally rectangular battery type, battery is a cylindrical winding type. They are not the same as all manner of packaging, thermal characteristics of different structures exist due to a corresponding difference. Different sizes Dell Inspiron 9400 battery， Dell Inspiron B120 batteryof cylindrical and rectangular shape of the heat distribution of batteries is not the same. As the cooling surface area of different sizes, the thermal gradients within the battery are also different. Figure 2 rectangular battery W / L big sense that there is a large cooling surface area, the internal temperature less heat better performance.
In view of different shapes of cylindrical lithium-ion battery temperature field to be more intuitive, we analyze the same type of different radius, different sizes of cylindrical battery capacity vehicles in the same state, the internal temperature field. Here are two 20Ah batteries in parallel is equivalent to a 40Ah battery.
40Ah internal battery's internal temperature 17 ℃ and 16% of the current density uneven. The two 20Ah batteries in parallel the same capacity battery, only a single cell within the 10 ℃ of temperature and 6% of the current density difference. Large-capacity battery temperature gradient larger, mainly due to the battery cooling surface area caused by a relatively smaller proportion. And experimental analysis of the two 20Ah batteries in parallel drawn more than a 40Ah battery life longer. This explains the application of some of the advantages of small-capacity battery.
Modular approach with different kinds of batteries Comparison
Battery pack is sometimes formed by a number of single cells of the battery modules. The thermal characteristics of single cells vary in their composition of battery modules, due to the number of combinations, as well as the arrangement of battery modules packaged in different ways is also very different thermal characteristics. Therefore, we select the appropriate single battery while also considering forming a modular way, the number of single cells, batteries and packaging methods display arrangement.
We are a group of health heat a smaller force for EV God prismatic lithium-ion batteries liquid ventilation condition in the absence of the temperature field of thermal analysis simulation. Simulation Man-rechargeable batteries in the 1C discharge to the cut-off voltage of constant current state of the battery pack (module) temperature conditions.
The ideal battery pack temperature field distribution shown in Figure 4. Assuming the surface to ensure that each battery heat exchange with the outside world the same boundary conditions.
Battery into the teams actually placed around the different conditions and central cooling. The surface of each battery thermal boundary conditions are different, resulting in an overall temperature difference exists, that produce heat concentrated among high temperature, low temperature edge of the phenomenon (Figure 5).
Composed of a small single cell battery module, the temperature imbalance is relatively small. Composed of modules, the greater the number of single cells, heat the more obvious the http://www.camera-battery-store.com/phenomenon of concentration. As shown in Figure 6, when a large number of single cells will appear more densely placed in the temperature inhomogeneity, battery pack inside the single cell within the battery module temperature will be greater, there are 45 ℃ great. The small number of single cell battery module composed of densely placed together, the temperature difference is only about 1 ℃.
Such batteries are used in a smaller heat of the small-capacity battery EV, and is smaller in the heat of the vehicle running state did not take a mandatory cooling of the battery module. The actual vehicles in the battery operation of complex, heat increased significantly. For the larger heat applied to PHEV large capacity battery, battery current single large heat rate is higher, resulting from intensive display the temperature imbalances will be more apparent. Module, the temperature difference between the single cell will be increased. Seriously affect the consistency of batteries, but also result in potential safety problems, which makes the overall performance of battery modules greatly reduced. Then on the need for effective thermal management of battery modules to take air-cooled and liquid cooling, if necessary, to take a better performance of phase-change materials as heat transfer medium to carry out thermal management. Therefore, we have selected, after a reasonable single cell type but also the right under the battery characteristics of the modular approach selected, select the appropriate number of single cells, placed in the module package arrangement, as well as methods.
Battery pack should be reasonably designed to play the best battery performance, but also taking into account machinery, packaging, electricity, heat, security, monitor and control many aspects, as well as other parts of the interface with the vehicle and so on. When we select the battery, it should be fully taken into account select the appropriate type, the appropriate modular model, a suitable arrangement of display and packaging options. We can see that the selection of the battery pack and battery performance have an impact, and in severe performance degradation caused battery pack, cost increase, and has potential safety problems and so on. At the same time there is an urgent need for battery manufacturer's concerted efforts to create the optimal storage battery for electric car use.
ten tips to help you purchase laptop
Buy laptop the following main points:
1, shoddy: buy a computer Do not just consider its surface configuration, there is no system for the machine, businesses may be in the memory, hard drives, optical drives and other accessories on apple battery the hands feet, so it must be posted outside the box to look at the configuration of the machine table mainly (some brands will also be on the warranty card)
Second, the use of the surrounding environment and ruining the hardware facilities: the "prototype" get over to the customer to see what "power jack pine", turn off the plug wire board, saying that the machine memory instability, for a start, one will be shut down ; plug in the power adapter and plug in the card out of the battery test scores are not the same; transfer screen resolution, saying that the screen displays do not work. Do not believe these conditions are similar, because each machine is factory tested qualified, big brands will not take the quality of their products to jokes.
Third, turn parallel with the mainstream: Buy IBM T-series customers will often encounter this situation. (This is considered light, and there are actually selling the JS No. brush machine, certainly much more to stay in mind.)
Fourth, the appearance to attract customers, raise the price of the media: This is the face of more emotional customers, that looks very pretty, in fact, higher prices than the media price of four or five thousand. At this point, we need the calm and maintain their own point of view, the appearance is only part of the notebook, as well as more intrinsic need for us to figure out something, blindly follow the will of strokes.
5 as far as 2-3 individuals to store: sales staff to give you an introduction to models and prices, the other one can go out inquiry, which is vulgar to say we shop around, and stores particular disorder, it is good to see , the machine will go wrong, many people can see multi-faceted.
6, between brands Huzhuan: Now brand competition is particularly large, configure machines with the notebook, the price difference is generally in the hundred or so, This is different from a few years ago, when the difference up to more than 1000. HP, IBM, SONY, TOSHIBA, NEC is the price of a stall, LENOVO, DELL, ACER, AUSU, BENQ is a stall prices, Founder, Tongfang, TCL, Haier is the price of a stall. So you buy the machine, the salesperson will recommend you for other brands, to consider the good to be determined. Note that if buying the machine when the sales staff take the initiative to send you gifts, it should pay attention to, and definitely too much money, and a guilty conscience, and this time we must go out to look at their house prices. "Eventually passed", that is always justified.
7, the most important point, all debugging Well, to payment. Otherwise buy high-priced machines, low-quality machine, no one MANAGEMENT you. Up to give you points, apple A1008 battery， apple A1012 batterynot worth the small parts, even if the complaints to the Marketing Department, but also regardless of use, business and marketing are a ship. In the final analysis, buying the machine before some good on-line inspection, will be a good goal, go to the market to see prototypes, and then buy.
8, a small box
(A), check the serial number on the label
Carefully check the laptop serial number on the outside the box whether the serial number of the body of the machine in line. The serial number of the body are generally the base of the fuselage in notebook computers, in the check serial number, we must also check whether it had been altered and was re-posted off the scene. In addition, at boot time, first entered the notebook's motherboard BIOS, the BIOS check the serial number and body serial numbers are the same. Three numbers are the same, the basic source of notebook computers no problem, if there is an inconsistency, is no doubt that parallel imports, or assembling goods.
Secret box on the notebook
Formal channels to enter the domestic market, notebook computers, its official agents usually posted at the bottom there is a dedicated label indicating the product type. Such as IBM's ThinkPad notebook computers and machinery at the bottom have a product model and serial number, their product models based on C as the end of the last one that China, can enjoy a three-year International Warranty, so even out of the country do not have to worry about, and If not, that is parallel imports. Therefore, after the selection of books sure to look for labels, right on the numbers, otherwise use the money to buy a licensed parallel big loss not only price, but also not entitled to many services. Once the love machine is a problem, apple A1022 battery，apple A1060 battery it may disaster. It would also be able to check online or call look more insurance.
(B), packaging
First of all, check the packaging is complete and correct. After a general notebook computer open the packaging, there is also the power adapter, and related accessories, product manuals, certificates of UNPROFOR (number and laptop numbers the same), warranty cards, etc. Also documented, but also note that the operating system recovery disk, installation disk if consistent with the operating system on the machine. Take a look at this round after round of the hurdles to become very difficult to counterfeit, so when the purchase must face up to your eyes that, can still remember a close look at yo!
(C), check the appearance of
Check whether the appearance of laptop touch, rub, is zoned, crack and other wounds, liquid crystal display (LCD) whether there are scratches, dead pixels, ripple, screw whether there Diaoqi and so on. Should try to look for in choosing a machine is not dead pixels, because there are dead pixels on the LCD may gradually spread. Appearance is also very critical, buy new things if there are scratches, it seems certain bad mood.
(D) to check the battery
It should be noted that the new laptop battery should be no more than 3 times higher power should not be at 3%. And generally when the test machine dealer will not insert the battery, but directly connected to the power outlet. Charge-discharge capacity is too high or too many times to prove at least the machines were used. SONY, IBM's battery management software can also be seen several times the battery has sufficient power of the. There is also some special detection software after we have repeatedly said that this must be on the spot inspection to prevent future trouble.
Laptop battery [quote parameters Picture] also learned
9, be sure to check the accessories and gifts: when the purchase is important to note the carefully check the products supplied within the box accessories, comes with the operating system and driver instructions such as whether the same accessories package. Also check whether there should be some gifts, such as gifts, some brand apple A1061 battery， apple A1078 batterybackpack, U disk, mouse, memory, and so on.
If the product is confirmed that, no problems have more to try to run the operating system whether there is an exception; multimedia player audio, image is normal; MODEM / LAN Internet access is normal; cooling fan is working properly; notebook mouse positioning whether it is normal; transformer (ADAPTER ) charging is normal; fan noise is acceptable and so on. In addition, if the notebook is also equipped with a DVD drive, but also on the DVD drive can read the disks must be checked. If it is CD-RW, CD-ROM should be burning their ability to be tested.
Buy gifts Notebook
Now the manufacturers, agents compare the promotional activities more generally give some practical things, such as: wireless network card, computer bag and so on. Do not forget to ask for the dealer Oh, that was not white does not take hold, the cost has been counted, but to your head.
10, after-sales service provision should not underestimate
Notebook and desktop machines are not the same kind of part of a very precious, so after-sales service is very important, whatever the brand, will provide a more comprehensive after-sales service, but also be a distinction between the terms, how Paul, Paul long All these require careful to understand clearly, or in the http://www.camera-battery-store.com/ future laptop problems, when you call days of not being unsuitable. The time of purchase, not for the PL fooled by the rhetoric of the MM, pay attention to these things they asked for after-sales service period is long, what is the specific content of after-sales service, maintenance, replacement cycle is generally long.
In general, notebook products to a multi-year free replacement parts, 3-year limited after-sales service-based, most products of the maintenance and replacement cycle of about 15 days. Buy notebook recommend you to choose a better after-sales service a number of imported brands and domestic products, such as IBM, Lenovo, Founder, Acer, Asus, Toshiba and other brands of after-sales service is very good practice. And IBM introduced the blue in this regard express service, the National three years, UNPROFOR, while in Taiwan, in the maintenance quality and maintenance of the station to the establishment of various manufacturers there is still a lot of way to go, in particular, want to buy just to enter the field The brand's 10 million inquiries good friends again, the issue pays for after-sales service, pay off the account will not regret it.