Solid oxide fuel batteries
Fuel battery is a direct will Dell Inspiron E1705 batterybe stored in the fuel and oxidizer in the chemical energy into electrical energy efficient power generation devices.
Depending on the different types of electrolyte fuel cell can be divided into:
(1) low-temperature fuel cells, such as solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEMFC) and alkaline fuel cells (AFC);
(2) phosphate acid fuel cell (PAFC);
(3) molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC);
(4) solid oxide fuel cell Dell Latitude D410 battery(SOFC) and so on.
SOFC is the second PAFC, MCFC highest energy conversion efficiency after the third-generation fuel cell system, is considered the most efficient and universal power generation systems, especially as decentralized power plants, scientists from various countries are being attracted wide interest. It is the fuel and oxidizer gases through an ion-conductive ceramics, and generation of electrical power solid-state energy conversion device, it is also known as ceramic fuel cells.
Include SOFC electrolyte and two electrodes. In the cathode, the air of oxygen dissociation into oxygen ions, two electrodes through the solid electrolyte membrane between Dell Latitude D500 batterythe migration, with the anode / electrolyte interface of the fuel reaction. Outside the circuit, from the anode to the cathode of the electron flow generated DC. SOFC solid electrolyte is the most central parts. Its performance is not only a direct impact on the work of the battery temperature and power conversion efficiency, but also determines the required matching electrode material and the corresponding choice of preparation technology. Discovered so far may be used for SOFC oxygen ion conductor mainly fluorite phase structure of ZrO2-based, CeO2-based, Bi2O3-based materials and the perovskite-type structure LaGaO3-based materials.
In addition to the general merits of the fuel cell, SOFC also has the following characteristics: adaptability of the fuel can be a variety of fuels, including the case of carbon-based fuels to run; does not require the use of noble metal catalyst; the use of all solid-state components, there is no right leakage, corrosion management issues; building blocks of strong, flexible and so the size and installation location. These characteristics make fuel for power generation efficiency of the overall time-cycle has the potential to more than 60%, while the efficiency of the whole system, up to 85%, SOFC power density 1MW/M3, the design of the block may be as high as for the 3MW / M3. In fact, SOFC can be used for power generation, thermal recycling, transportation, aerospace and many other areas of space, known as the 21st century green energy.
SOFC research and development of the future focused on the following aspects:
1. New electrode materials and other battery components development.
Modification of other SOFC components, allowing the system to optimize the structure to meet the medium-temperature fuel cell operation; development of the temperature under the conditions of a certain activity in the same time, they met with the Dell Latitude D810 battery electrolyte performance matches the electrode material; to improve the micro-electrode structure. One nano-electrode is a feasible route. It has small particle, increase the three-phase industry (catalytic center) in length and electrode / electrolyte contact area, greatly reducing the interface resistance; also can reduce the electrode thickness, so that gas is more easily spread to the three-phase interface, decreases due to electrode concentration polarization caused by reducing the efficiency of the battery.
2. Proton conductor, and protons - ion mixed conductor electrolyte development.
By a proton conductor as electrolyte, the water produced in the oxidizer side, so there will be no oxygen ion conductor as electrolyte, as, after the fuel cell reaction required to remove water from the fuel. When using methane and other hydrocarbon gases, only the pyrolysis of these fuels can be considered to be the hydrogen fuel cell proton conductor of fuel, while the remaining part of the restructuring could serve as a useful product is retained, such as ethane by the cell reaction re - After the availability of ethylene. Some electrochemical reaction must use the proton conductor material. Such as: industry H2S emissions to deal with this fuel cell can generate electricity at the same time, to be a useful by-product of S2.
3. Study the mechanism of proton conduction and to develop sufficiently in the conductivity-temperature proton conductor.
This is a promising research direction. It should be said, proton - ion mixed conductor is a new solid electrolyte, Dell Latitude D820 batteryto find the material itself is a new challenge, which for the deepening of our design of new SOFC, has a special significance.
4. New concepts and new methods.
The recent emergence of single-chamber fuel cell is a new concept. Despite its many shortcomings, but it is a worthwhile research direction. Its main significance lies right to our future design of the battery to give a useful inspiration. For the electrode material structure, the traditional electrode majority of asymmetric electrodes, ie cathode and anode materials used in the different. If you are using symmetric electrodes, the battery performance will be? This is worth studying. For the cell preparation methods, the method currently used mostly expensive, finished product rate is low. Research and development of soft chemical preparation routes, the introduction of mild conditions, the material preparation methods, is bound to have a strong competitive edge.